The automotive industry uses flexible polyurethanes for car seats and rigid polyurethanes for
thermal and sound insulations. Without question, the most important features for polyurethanes
in vehicles are low weight accompanied by high mechanical strength. These features improve the
mileage,cost-efficiency of the fuel,and safety against collisions (18, 19). Polyurethanes are also used in automobile coatings. Coatings are important for automobiles,as they provide corrosion resistance to metals used in the body parts. They also provide a gloss effect to make automobiles weather resistant, durable, and attractive. Automobile and furniture industries use flame retardants in their coatings for added safety. One work studied the presence of flame retardants and their effect on car dust (20). 2,2-bis(chloromethyl)-propane-1,3-diyltetrakis(2-chloroethyl) bisphosphate, known as V6, is used as a flame retardant in automobile foam, which contains tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate as a known carcinogen compound (Figure 12). A concentration in the range of 5–6160 ng/g of V6 in car dust was observed, which was much higher than in house dust. Although halogen-based flame 14 Gupta and Kahol; Polyurethane Chemistry: Renewable Polyols and Isocyanates ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2021. retardants are effective in quenching fire, their toxicity from the release of carcinogenic gases is a
major drawback. A fair amount of research has been devoted to synthesizing new materials that are efficient flame retardants without the level of toxicity shown by halogen-based flame retardants. The majority of the materials that have been used as green flame retardants are based on metal oxides(21), nitrogen (22), phosphorus (23), and carbon (24). Aluminum trihydroxide, melamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate, ammonium phosphate, red phosphorus, phosphate esters, phosphinates, phosphonates, carbon black, and expandable graphite are a few examples of viable and eco-friendly retardants. It is abundantly clear that the development and study of flame retardants—which present proper compatibility with polyurethanes and do not produce toxic smoke during the combustion process—are significantly important.

Declaration:The article is quoted from Introduction to Polyurethane Chemistry Felipe M. de Souza, 1 Pawan K. Kahol, 2 and Ram K.Gupta *,1 . Only for communication and learning, do not do other commercial purposes, does not represent the company’s views and opinions, if you need to reprint, please contact the original author, if there is infringement, please contact us immediately to do delete processing.